http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179319 Sat, 18 May 2013 15:47:55 GMT 2013-05-18T15:47:55Z http://www.recercat.cat:80/bitstream/id/44941/ http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179319 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202156 Polyamine metabolism and signaling in plant abiotic stress protection Alcázar Hernández, Rubén; Bitrian, Marta; Zarza, Xavier; Fernández Tiburcio, Antonio Polyamines (PAs) are small polycationic compounds present in all living organisms. Compelling evidences indicate a role for PAs in plant protection against stress. During the recent years, genetic, molecular and ‘omic’ approaches have been undertaken to unravel the role of PAs in stress signaling. Overall, results point to intricate relationships between PAs, stress hormone pathways and ROS signaling. Such cross-regulations condition stress signaling through the modulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and ROS amplification-loops. In this chapter we compile our recent findings which elucidate molecular mechanisms and signalingpathways by which PAs contribute to stress protection in plants. http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202156 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202157 Green chemistry: ecotoxicity and biodegradability of ionic liquids Peric, Brezana; Marti, Esther; Sierra, Jordi; Cruañas Terradas, Robert; Garau, Ma. Antònia Green chemistry plays a very important role in the sustainable development, seeking to reduce and prevent pollution at its source, minimizing the hazard and maximizing the efficiency of the chemical processes. Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new generationof chemicals that have a great potential for contributing to the greenness of chemical processes and developing new applications,both being of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. This workdeals with the development of ILs as greener alternatives for some of the processes within the frame of green chemistry. It focuses on the environmental impact of the ILs, their ecotoxicity and potentialbiodegradability, compiling results of different ecotoxicological studies. ILs have the reputation of being “green” chemicals, but not all of them can pass favourably the tests evaluating their environmental effects. http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202157 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202155 Biofilms on rocks Hernández Mariné, Ma. de la Concepción; Roldán Molina, Mónica Microorganisms group themselves into assemblies known as communities or biofilms, which are associated with surfaces. A matrix of self-segregated polymeric substances enhances their attachment. Communication between bacterial cells involves the production and detection of diffusible signal molecules, known as quorum sensing, which is an important regulatory mechanism of biofilm strategies. Biofilms thrive everywhere; in subaerial surfaces they can be driven by sunlight, with photosynthesizing components. A special case is those which colonize works of art, forming patinas and becoming involved in the degradation of colonized substrata. Knowledge of threedimensional structure of the biofilm and the distribution of species concerned is crucial for managing and preventing uncontrolled colonization and for preserving cultural heritage sites. This paper describes their role in this degradation, some examples of biofilms and their resilience mechanisms. The methods used in their study when growing in monuments and caves are also discussed. http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/202155 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179518 Biological remediation approach involving soils and groundwaters polluted with chlorinated solvents in a Mediterranean context Cortés Lucas, Amparo; Puigserver, Diana; Carmona, Josep Maria; Viladevall Solé, Manuel Chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE) form a class of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) compounds that cause a persistent environmental contamination that is difficult to investigate and challenging to remediate. The use of vegetation to enhance degradation by soil microorganisms of chlorinated solvents in soil-groundwater systems (phyto and rhizo-degradation) has been receiving attention since the 90¿ as an attractive low-cost alternative. Remediation strategies must be site-specific, with separate approaches often warranted for the DNAPL source zone and its associated aqueous phase plume. It has been suggested that possible mechanisms for the enhanced bioremediation of TCE in the rhizosphere are excretion of phenolic compounds in root exudates and plant mycorrhization.; Podeu consultar el llibre complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/32392 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179518 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179519 Chemical and biological aspects of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids Bastida Armengol, Jaume; Berkov, Strahil; Torras Clavería, Laura; Pigni, Natalia Belén; Andradre, Jean Paulo de; Martínez, Vanessa; Codina Mahrer, Carles; Viladomat Meya, Francesc The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids represent a large (over 300 alkaloids have been isolated) and still expanding group of biogenetically related isoquinoline alkaloids that are found exclusively in plants belonging to this family. In spite of their great variety of pharmacological and/or biological properties, only galanthamine is used therapeutically. First isolated from Galanthus species, this alkaloid is a long-acting, selective, reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, and is used for the treatment of Alzheimer¿s disease. Other Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of pharmacological interest will also be described in this chapter.; Podeu consultar el llibre complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/32392 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179519 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179517 Artemisia (Asteraceae): Understanding its evolution using cytogenetic and molecular systematic tools, with emphasis on subgenus Dracunculus Pellicer Moscardó, Jaume; Garnatje i Roca, Teresa; Vallès Xirau, Joan, 1959- The genus Artemisia is one of the largest of the Asteraceae family, with more than 500 species. It is widely distributed mainly across the Northern Hemisphere, being profusely represented in the Old World, with a great centre of diversification in Asia, and also reaching the New World. The evolution of this genus has been deeply studied using different approaches, and polyploidy has been found to perform an important role leading to speciation processes. Karyological, molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic data have been compiled in the present review to provide a genomic characterization throughout some complexes within the genus.; Podeu consultar el llibre complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/32392 http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/179517